Association of C-peptide with novel hormones in children with type 1 diabetes: A rising potentials for more reliable biomarkers.

Type 1 diabetes is a heterogeneous disorder caused by reduced β-cell mass as a result of T-cell mediated autoimmune destruction. C-peptide is a linker chain cleaved from proinsulin to produce the mature, functional insulin hormone. Irisin is a novel adipo-myokine plays a crucial role in glucose homeostasis regulation. Preptin is a peptide hormone synthesized in β-cells and plays a role in augmenting insulin secretion. The current study aims to investigate preptin and irisin levels in diabetic children and determine their correlation with C-peptide and the development of this disease. This study recruited 90 children, divided into two groups: 45 patients and 45 controls. Commercial ELISA kits were used to measure C-peptide, irisin, and preptin. C-peptide levels were significantly decreased among the patients’ group (P<0.05). Preptin and irisin levels were significantly increased in the patients’ group (P<0.05). C-peptide was noticeably correlated with preptin, irisin and RBS (P <0.05). Preptin and irisin levels also had a positive correlation with RBS (P<0.05). In regression analysis, irisin had a strong association with C-peptide. In conclusion, irisin was a considerable predictive marker for the residual β-cells through its association with preptin and C-peptide in regression analysis. Preptin might be an indicator of insulin resistance.

URN:NBN:sciencein.cbl.2023.v10.551