Design and analysis of UWB patch antenna for breast cancer detection

Abstract

Early detection of malignant cells is inevitable, and breast cancer is a global health concern. Because of its nonionizing radiation, In recent years, microwave imaging (MWI) technology has found widespread application in the biomedical field. As a result, a low-profile UWB patch antenna for breast cancer detection technologies has been suggested in this study. With a broad operational bandwidth of 12 GHz (3.50–11.7 GHz), this antenna can operate at a low return loss of 50.83 dB at 8 GHz. To assess the performance of the antenna, The suggested antenna has been modeled with two distinct modeling programs, such as CST MWS and HFSS. The antenna can reach a maximum gain of 8.84 dBi and radiates in a quasi-omnidirectional pattern. Tumor-imitating tissue and non-tumor-mimicking tissue have been used in the building of a three-layered human body that mimics a breast phantom with varying dielectric properties. The presence of a tumor inside the breast phantom can be determined by comparing the dielectric characteristics of the tumor and the various layers of the phantom in the presence of an external radiation field. To detect malignancies with a minimum radius of 2 mm, the eight elements that make up the recommended antenna are positioned around the breast phantom. The seven-antenna array arrangement is used to evaluate the breast phantom's signal backscattering and track any notable changes in signal between the phantom's tumor cell and non-tumor state. The images produced by the backscattering signal analysis are displayed.