Category: Readings

Plants serve as an excellent source of therapeutic molecules that help in medicinal treatments. The production of large amounts of pure phytocompounds from plant sources for human consumption and the nature of phytocompounds exhibiting toxicity issues at higher dosages lead to the challenge of increasing the therapeutic effect by using low dosages. This current study focuses on extracting two active antioxidant compounds, quercetin (Q) and resveratrol (R), from plant sources and evaluating their ability to exhibit antioxidant synergism through in vitro models. Quercetin and resveratrol were extracted using an ethanol-solvent extraction procedure from Allium cepa, and Vitis vinifera peels, respectively. The extracts were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis, column chromatography and then High-Performance Liquid chromatography for purification. DPPH, ABTS⁺, SOS, and cellular antioxidant assays evaluated the synergistic antioxidant activity of the quercetin and resveratrol complex. The results showed synergistic antioxidant efficacy values approximately as follows: 5.37 % in DPPH, 15.26 % in ABTS+, 11.99 % in SOS, and 19.13 % in cellular antioxidant assays when both molecules were used combinedly. The results promisingly pave the way for a new dimension in nutraceuticals formulation parameters which could trigger combined molecular usage to achieve better results at low dosages.

URN:NBN:sciencein.cbl.2023.v10.534

Herein we synthesized new indole-thiazolidine-2,4-dione coupled isoxazoles (7a-n) via simple reactions like N-propargylation, Knoevenagel condensation and copper (I) catalysed one pot regioselective reactions. All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and Mass spectra and they were screened for in vitro anticancer activity against three human cancer cell lines like A549 (lung), MCF-7 (breast), and SKOV3 (ovarian) using MTT assay and etoposide was used as the standard drug. As per the results the compounds 7e, 7f and 7g where shown selectivity towards A549 cell line with IC₅₀ values of 5.27 µM, 3.14 µM and 6.25 µM respectively and they are high active than etoposide. Further in vitro tubulin polymerization assay on three potent compounds (7e, 7f and 7g) revealed that compounds 7e and 7f have exhibited potency than standard combretastatin A-4 with IC₅₀ values 0.82 and .044 mM respectively.

URN:NBN:sciencein.cbl.2023.v10.531

Metformin is a widely used anti-diabetic drug that enhances glycaemic control by advancing the insulin sensitivity abatement of intestinal glucose absorption. Due to its versatility, it is also emerging as an abused drug leading to toxicity and fatal conditions. Detection of metformin with the existing qualitative and quantitative approaches necessitate complex and intricate instrumentation, fully facilitated laboratories, and trained scientist and technicians. Henceforth, in the current study, we have developed a hand-held electronic device-based detection system for metformin using the basic principles of spectrophotometry. It is based on the formation of a yellowish-green color complex (wavelength 680nm) which involves the oxidative coupling of 3-methyl 2-benzothiozoline hydrazone (MBTH) catalyzed by iron. The method developed has been optimized at different pH, reaction temperature, and reaction time and found to be specific, sensitive, and linear in the range of concentration 100-1000 µg/ml with the limit of detection (LOD) of 120.5 µg/ml.

URN:NBN:sciencein.cbl.2023.v10.486

Present investigation aimed to study the antimycobacterial potential of Mentha piperita essential oil fractions, identify its active constituents by GC-MS and preparation of nanoemulsion from biologically active fraction. Four oil fractions (R1, R2, R3, R4) were collected during hydrodistillation of Mentha piperiata leaves and tested in the two of mycobacterial strains by conventional disc diffusion method. Oil fractions R2 and R3 demonstrated maximum zone of inhibition of 39 mm and 36 mm in Mycobacterium smegmatis, 33 mm and 31 mm in Mycobacterium bovis BCG respectively at a dilution of 75% in DMSO compared to standard drug isoniazid (23 mm in 4 µg/ml). GC-MS analysis of the most active fraction R2 reveals the presence of menthol (70.69%), isomenthone (14.63%) and neomenthol (6.82%) as major constituents. To enhance bioavailability of oil fraction, the nanoemulsions were prepared from R2 by sonication method. Nanoemulsions, N1 and N2 prepared by varying surfactant concentrations were tested in Mycobacterium bovis BCG using quantitative and colorimetric resazurin microtiter assay (REMA). Nanoemulsions, N1 and N2 have shown 97-100 % bacterial growth inhibition at 3.125 % concentration in the culture medium compared with the culture control.

URN:NBN:sciencein.cbl.2023.v10.507

Yucca gloriosa L. has been comprehensively assessed in vitro and in vivo for its action against asthma. Y. gloriosa L. is a rich source of phenolic compounds such as gloriosaols A-E and yuccaols A-E, which exhibit potent antioxidant activity. Gloriosaols A-E and yuccaols A-E are structurally related to corticosteroids. The current study describes the in silico docking of some important anti-asthmatic phytoconstituents from the plant Y. gloriosa L. with molecular targets of asthma. Toward the recognition of the binding methods of these pharmacologically dynamic components, molecular modelling studies were carried out with target proteins, i.e., interleukin (IL)-6 (1N26), IL-13 (3LB6) and TNF-α (2AZ5), using in silico molecular docking. The components demonstrated encouraging binding interactions with the amino acid residues at the active sites of these proteins, authenticating their verified efficiency as anti-asthmatic agents. The current research, in addition, provides insight into the possible herbal drug-receptor interaction and synthetic drug montelukast sodium receptor interaction, for the possible management of asthma.

URN:NBN:sciencein.cbl.2023.v10.509