Comparative global epidemiology of HIV infections and status of current progress in treatment

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection has a global presence. The demographic and social impact of HIV infection vary from different parts of globe and has been a lead indicator for policy makers to design future programs towards healthy world. Here we have reviewed and represented the different aspects of global HIV epidemiology in the form of maps and graphs indicating the easy interpretation of current status of HIV infections over the world population. Further, the status of current research progress for development of drugs for HIV treatment and near future projections have been included for new treatment possibilities along with discussion about existing drugs. The newer retroviral drugs and molecules under clinical trial discussed here include NRTIs (Festinavir (BMS-986001), amdoxovir, elvucitabine, apricitabine, racivir), NNRTIs (etravirine, rilpivirine), microbicides (UC-781 (Thiocarboxanilide), TMC-120 (Dapivirine), MIV-150), protease inhibitors (darunavir, tipranavir), fusion and entry inhibitors (enfuvirtide, sifuvirtide, AMD-070, BMS-663068, Cenicriviroc, INCB-9471, BMS-488043), CCR5 inhibitors (maraviroc, vicriviroc, PRO 140, PRO 542), CD4-receptor inhibitors (ibalizumab), integrase inhibitors (raltegravir, elvitegravir, GSK-1349572), maturation inhibitors (bevirimat), LEDGINs, Gene therapy (siRNA), Vaccine development and progress in genetic and immune therapy.